Ubudala-bukhuni banzi bokukhokhiswa insimbi engagqwali ibha
Incazelo emfushane:
Ukuqina kweminyaka, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-Treapital Harning, kuyinqubo yokwelashwa ekushiseni ithuthukisa amandla nobulukhuni bama-alloys athile, kufaka phakathi insimbi yobudala ukunxenxa imvula ye-matrix yensimbi engenasici, okuyinto iqinisa impahla.
I-Age-Harding Insimbi Engagqwali Ukukhokhiswa Kwensimbi Ibha:
Ukuthethelelwa yizakhi zensimbi zakhiwe ngenqubo yokwakha, lapho okuqukethwe kufuthelwe khona bese kucindezelwa khona ngesando noma ukucindezelwa kwensimbi okuvame ukukhethwa ngokumelana nakho kokugqwala, amandla, kubenze balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-aerospace , uwoyela negesi, nokuphindaphindeka.A Ukuxolelwa kwe-Bar-shape kuyindlela ethile yensimbi eyenziwe ngokujwayelekile inesimo eside, esiqondile, esifana nebha noma induku.Izinto ezibonakalayo eziqhubekayo iyadingeka, njengokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo noma njengezinto ezivuthiwe zokucutshungulwa okwengeziwe.
Ukucaciswa kokukhokhiswa okunzima kweminyaka yobudala:
| Khuphuka | I-630,631,632,634,635 |
| -Vamile | I-ASTM A705 |
| Ibanga elinquma phakathi ububanzi besingelezi | I-100 - 500mm |
| Ubuchwepheshe | Kwakhiwa, kuvuselelwa okushisayo |
| Ubude | 1 kuya ku-6 metres |
| Ukwelashwa okushisa | Ethambile, isixazululo se-anneanded, sicishiwe futhi sinomoya |
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwebha yokwenziwe:
| Khuphuka | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Ni | Mo | Al | Ti | Co |
| 630 | 0.07 | 1.0 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 15-17.5 | 3-5 | - | - | - | 3.0-5.0 |
| 631 | 0.09 | 1.0 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 16-18 | 6.5-7.75 | - | 0.75-1.5 | - | - |
| 632 | 0.09 | 1.0 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 14-16 | 6.5-7.75 | 2.0-3.0 | 0.75-1.5 | - | - |
| 634 | 0.10-0.15 | 0.50-1.25 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 0.5 | 15-16 | 4-5 | 2.5-3.25 | - | - | - |
| I-635 | 0.08 | 1.0 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 16-17.5 | 6-7.5 | - | 0.40 | 0.40-1.20 | - |
Izakhiwo ezenziwe ngoMenzi:
| Ukuthayipha | Into efunekayo | Amandla we-Tensile KSI [MPA] | Ukuvuselela Amandla KSI [MPA] | I-elongation% | UHardness Rock-Well C |
| 630 | H900 | 190 [1310] | 170 [1170] | 10 | 40 |
| H925 | 170 [1170] | 155 [1070] | 10 | 38 | |
| H1025 | 155 [1070] | 145 [1000] | 12 | 35 | |
| H1075 | 145 [1000] | 125 [860] | 13 | 32 | |
| H1100 | 140 [965] | 115 [795] | 14 | 31 | |
| H1150 | 135 [930] | 105 [725] | 16 | 28 | |
| H1150m | 115 [795] | I-75 [520] | 18 | 24 | |
| 631 | Rh950 | 185 [1280] | 150 [1030] | 6 | 41 |
| Th1050 | 170 [1170] | 140 [965] | 6 | 38 | |
| 632 | Rh950 | 200 [1380] | 175 [1210] | 7 | - |
| Th1050 | 180 [1240] | 160 [1100] | 8 | - | |
| 634 | H1000 | 170 [1170] | 155 [1070] | 12 | 37 |
| I-635 | H950 | 190 [1310] | 170 [1170] | 8 | 39 |
| H1000 | 180 [1240] | 160 [1100] | 8 | 37 | |
| H1050 | 170 [1170] | 150 [1035] | 10 | 35 |
Kuyini ukwenziwa kwensimbi insimbi engagqwali?
I-tervituration iqinisa insimbi engenacala, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ngensimbi engenasici," uhlobo lwensimbi engenasici eqhubeka nenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi yi-terpitation lukhuni noma lukhuni lwezinkinga. Le nqubo ithuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini yezinto ezibonakalayo, ikakhulukazi amandla awo nobulukhuni bayo. Insimbi evamile kakhulu yensimbi engenasisekelo17-4 ph. Ukungezwa kwalezi zinto ezenziwayo kukhuthaza ukwakheka kwezici ngesikhathi senqubo yokwelashwa kokushisa.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhanjiswa kwensimbi engagqwali?
Insimbi ebudala i-stainleng yensimbi ifaka inqubo yezinyathelo ezintathu. Ekuqaleni, izinto ezibonakalayo zithola ukwelashwa okushisa okuphezulu, lapho ama-athomu aluhlaza ancibilika, akha isixazululo sesigaba esisodwa. Lokhu kuholela ekwakhekeni kwe-microscopic nuclei eminingi noma "izindawo" ngensimbi. Kamuva, ukupholisa okusheshayo kwenzeka ngaphezu komkhawulo we-solubity, kwakha isixazululo esiqinile se-supersaturated esimweni sokugcina. Okuqukethwe kugcinwe kulesi simo kuze kube yilapho kuqinisa lukhuni. Ukuqina okuyisisekelo kweminyaka kudinga ukwakheka kwe-alloy ukuba ngaphakathi komkhawulo we-solubity, kuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwenqubo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zensimbi eqinile yemvula?
Ama-steelpituration-harding steelwing aqhamuka ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene, ngalinye lihambisana nokuhlangabezana nokusebenza okuthile kanye nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zifaka 17-4 PH, 15-5 PH, 13-8 PH, 17-7 PH, A-286, Isiko 450,17-4 phI-Mod), kanye noMkhahlo wozazi 455. Lezi zinsimbi zinikeza inhlanganisela yamandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, nobulukhuni, ukubenza balungele izimboni ezahlukahlukene ezinjenge-aerospace, izimoto, ezokwelashwa kanye nangomakhemikhali. Ukukhethwa kwensimbi elukhuni - insimbi eqinile kuncike ezintweni ezifana nemvelo yesicelo, ukusebenza kwezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nokucaciswa kwemininingwane.
Ukupakisha:
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2 Sipakisha imikhiqizo yethu ngezindlela eziningi, njengokuthi,
