Ⅰ.Yintoni uvavanyo olungonakalisi?
Ngokubanzi, uvavanyo olungonakalisi lusebenzisa iimpawu zesandi, ukukhanya, umbane kunye nemagnethi ukubona indawo, ubungakanani, ubungakanani, indalo kunye nolunye ulwazi olunxulumeneyo olusondeleyo kumphezulu okanye iziphene zangaphakathi kumphezulu wesixhobo ngaphandle kokonakalisa imathiriyeli ngokwayo. .Uvavanyo olungonakalisi lujolise ekuboneni ubume bobugcisa bezinto eziphathekayo, kubandakanywa nokuba zifanelekile okanye zishiye ubomi benkonzo, ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwexesha elizayo lezinto eziphathekayo.Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuvavanya ezingonakalisi ziquka uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic, uvavanyo lwe-electromagnetic, kunye nemagnethi. uvavanyo lwamasuntswana, apho uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic yenye yeendlela ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
Ⅱ.Iindlela ezintlanu eziqhelekileyo zovavanyo ezingonakalisiyo:
Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic yindlela esebenzisa iimpawu zamaza e-ultrasonic ukuze asasaze kwaye abonise kwizinto eziphathekayo zokubona iziphene zangaphakathi okanye izinto zangaphandle kwizinto eziphathekayo. Iyakwazi ukubona iziphene ezahlukahlukeneyo, ezifana nokuqhekeka, i-pores, i-inclusions, i-looseness, njl. yenye yeendlela ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kuvavanyo olungonakalisi.
Kutheni le nto iipleyiti zentsimbi ezishinyeneyo, imibhobho enodonga olungqingqwa kunye nemivalo engqukuva enobubanzi obukhulu ifaneleke ngakumbi kuvavanyo lwe-UT?
① Xa ubukhulu bezinto zikhulu, ukubakho kweziphene zangaphakathi ezifana neepores kunye nokuqhekeka kuya kwanda ngokufanelekileyo.
②I-Forgings yenziwa ngenkqubo yokubumba, enokubangela iziphene ezifana ne-pores, inclusions, kunye neentanda ngaphakathi kwezinto.
③Imibhobho enodonga olungqingqwa kunye neentonga ezingqukuva ezinobubanzi obukhulu zidla ngokusetyenziswa ekufuneni izakhiwo zobunjineli okanye iimeko ezithwele uxinzelelo olukhulu. Uvavanyo lwe-UT lunokungena nzulu kwizinto eziphathekayo kwaye lufumane iziphene ezinokwenzeka zangaphakathi, ezifana nokuqhekeka, ukufakwa, njl., Okubalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lwesakhiwo.
2.IPENETRANT TEST definition
Iimeko ezisebenzayo zoVavanyo lwe-UT kunye noVavanyo lwe-PT
Uvavanyo lwe-UT lufanelekile ukufumanisa iziphene zangaphakathi zezixhobo, ezifana ne-pores, inclusions, ii-cracks, njl. Uvavanyo lwe-UT lunokungena kwi-thickness ye-material kwaye lubone iziphene ngaphakathi kwezinto ngokukhupha amaza e-ultrasonic kunye nokufumana iimpawu ezibonakalisiweyo.
Uvavanyo lwe-PT lufanelekile ukufumanisa iziphene ezingaphezulu kumphezulu wezinto eziphathekayo, ezifana ne-pores, inclusions, iintanda, njl.
Uvavanyo lwe-UT kunye novavanyo lwe-PT lunezinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo zazo kwizicelo ezibonakalayo. Khetha indlela yovavanyo efanelekileyo ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo kunye neempawu zezinto eziphathekayo ukuze ufumane iziphumo zovavanyo ezingcono.
3.Eddy Uvavanyo lwangoku
(1) Intshayelelo yovavanyo lweET
Uvavanyo lwe-ET lusebenzisa umgaqo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic ukuzisa i-coil yovavanyo etshintshayo ephetheyo kufutshane nesixhobo somqhubi we-eddy ukuvelisa imisinga ye-eddy. Ngokusekelwe kwiinguqu kwimisinga ye-eddy, iipropati kunye nesimo se-workpiece sinokuchazwa.
(2) Izinto eziluncedo zovavanyo lweET
Uvavanyo lwe-ET alufuni ukuqhagamshelana ne-workpiece okanye i-medium, isantya sokubona sikhawuleza kakhulu, kwaye sinokuvavanya izinto ezingezona zetsimbi ezinokuthi zifake imisinga ye-eddy, njengegraphite.
(3) Imida yoVavanyo lweET
Iyakwazi ukubona kuphela iziphene ezingaphezulu kwezixhobo zokuqhuba. Xa usebenzisa i-coil yohlobo lwe-ET, akunakwenzeka ukucacisa indawo ethile yesiphene kwi-circumference.
(4) Iindleko kunye nezibonelelo
Uvavanyo lweET lunezixhobo ezilula kunye nokusebenza ngokulula. Ayifuni uqeqesho olunzima kwaye inokukhawuleza ukwenza uvavanyo lwexesha lokwenyani kwisiza.
Umgaqo osisiseko wovavanyo lwe-PT: emva kokuba ubuso becala bufakwe kwidayi ye-fluorescent okanye idayi enemibala, i-penetrant inokungena kwiiphene zokuvula umphezulu phantsi kwexesha le-capillary action; emva kokususa ukungena okugqithisileyo kumphezulu wenxalenye, inxalenye ingaba Faka isicelo somphuhlisi kumphezulu. Ngokufanayo, phantsi kwesenzo se-capillary, umthuthukisi uya kutsala i-penetrant egcinwe kwi-defect, kwaye i-penetrant iya kuphinda ibuyele kumthuthukisi. Ngaphantsi komthombo othile wokukhanya (ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet okanye ukukhanya okumhlophe), ukulandelwa kwe-penetrant kwi-defect kuya kuboniswa. , (i-fluorescence ephuzi-luhlaza okanye obomvu obomvu), ngaloo ndlela ibona i-morphology kunye nokusabalalisa iziphene.
4.Uvavanyo lweNcam yeMagnetic
UVavanyo lweMagnetic Particle" yindlela yovavanyo eqhele ukusetyenziswa engonakalisiyo yokukhangela iziphene zomhlaba kunye nezikufutshane nomphezulu wezixhobo zokuqhuba, ngakumbi ukufumanisa iintanda. iziphene ezingaphantsi komhlaba.
5. UVAVANYO LWERADIOGRAPHIC
(1) Intshayelelo yoVavanyo lweRT
I-X-reyi ngamaza ombane ane-frequency ephezulu kakhulu, ubude obufutshane kakhulu, kunye namandla aphezulu. Bangakwazi ukungena kwizinto ezingenakungena kukukhanya okubonakalayo, kwaye babhekane neempendulo ezinzima kunye nezinto ngexesha lenkqubo yokungena.
(2) Izinto eziluncedo zoVavanyo lweRT
Uvavanyo lwe-RT lungasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa iziphene zangaphakathi zezixhobo, ezifana ne-pores, ii-cracks ezifakiwe, njl., kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukunyaniseka kwesakhiwo kunye nomgangatho wangaphakathi wezinto eziphathekayo.
(3) Umgaqo woVavanyo lwe-RT
Uvavanyo lwe-RT lufumanisa iziphene ngaphakathi kwezinto ngokukhupha ii-X-ray kunye nokufumana imiqondiso ebonakalisiweyo. Kwizixhobo ezityebileyo, uvavanyo lwe-UT luyindlela esebenzayo.
(4) Imida yoVavanyo lwe-RT
Uvavanyo lwe-RT lunemida ethile. Ngenxa yobude bayo kunye neempawu zamandla, ii-X-rays azikwazi ukungena kwizinto ezithile, ezifana nelothe, isinyithi, insimbi engenasici, njl.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-12-2024