Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimachititsa kuti pakhale zolakwika zomwe zimachitika muzojambula?

1. Zizindikiro za sikelo
Zinthu zazikulu: Kukonza kolakwika kwa kufazojambulazidzapangitsa malo ovuta komanso mamba a nsomba. Nsomba zokakala ngati zimenezi zimapangika mosavuta popanga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic ndi martensitic.
Choyambitsa: Nembanemba yam'deralo chifukwa cha mafuta osagwirizana kapena kusankha koyenera kosayenera komanso mafuta opaka bwino.
2. Zolakwika zolakwika
Zikuluzikulu: Mbali yakumtunda ya kufa kwa forging imasokonekera pokhudzana ndi kumunsi komwe kumadutsa.
Chifukwa: Palibe loko yolowera molakwika pafayilo yopangira, kapena kufota sikunakhazikitsidwe bwino, kapena kusiyana pakati pa mutu wa nyundo ndi njanji yowongolera ndi yayikulu kwambiri.
3. Kusakwanira kufa popanga zolakwika
Zikuluzikulu: Kukula kwa kufa kwa forging kumawonjezeka molunjika kumbali yotsatsira. Pamene kukula kupitirira kukula komwe kwafotokozedwa muzojambula, kusakwanira kwa kufa kudzachitika.
Chifukwa: Kukula kwakukulu, kutentha kocheperako, kuvala kwambiri kwa fupa lakufa, ndi zina zotero kungayambitse kupanikizika kosakwanira kapena kukana kwambiri kwa mlatho wonyezimira, kusakwanira kwa zida za tonnage, ndi kuchuluka kwa billet.
4. Kusakwanira kudzaza kwanuko
Zomwe zikuluzikulu: Zimachitika makamaka m'nthiti, ngodya zakufa zopindika, ndi zina zambiri za ma forgings, ndipo pamwamba pa gawo lodzaza kapena m'makona a zokopa sizimadzaza mokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zolembazo zisamveke bwino.
Chifukwa: Mapangidwe a chibowo cha preforming kufa ndi chotsekereza chotsekeka ndi chopanda nzeru, tonnage ya zida ndi yaying'ono, chopandacho sichimatenthedwa mokwanira, ndipo chitsulo sichikhala bwino, chomwe chingayambitse vutoli.
5. Kuponyera zotsalira
Zinthu zazikuluzikulu: Ngati pali chotsalira choponyera, kutalika ndi kutopa kwa ma forgings nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosayenera. Chifukwa pamayeso otsika otsika, ma streamlines a gawo lotsekedwa la kuponyedwa kotsalira sizowonekera, ndipo ngakhale mankhwala a dendritic amatha kuwoneka, omwe amawonekera makamaka muzojambula pogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zachitsulo ngati zopanda kanthu.
Chifukwa: Chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwa chiŵerengero chokopa kapena njira yopangira zolakwika. Chilemachi chimachepetsa magwiridwe antchito a forging, makamaka kulimba kwamphamvu komanso kutopa.
6. Mbewu inhomogeneity
Zinthu zazikuluzikulu: Mbewu zomwe zili m'malo enazojambulandi zowawa makamaka, pamene njere za mbali zina ndi zazing'ono, kupanga njere zosafanana. Ma alloys otentha kwambiri komanso zitsulo zosagwira kutentha zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi inhomogeneity yambewu.
Choyambitsa: Kutsika kwa kutentha komaliza kumapangitsa kuti ntchito yakumaloko ikhale yolimba ya kutentha kwambiri kwa alloy billet. Panthawi yozimitsa ndi kutentha, mbewu zina zimakula kwambiri kapena kutentha koyambilira kumakhala kokwera kwambiri, ndipo kupindika sikukwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dipatimenti ya deformation ya dera lanu ikhale yovuta kwambiri. Kusagwirizana kwa mbewu kungayambitse kuchepa kwa kutopa komanso kukhazikika.
7. Kupindika zolakwika
Zinthu zazikuluzikulu: Mitsinje imapindika pamikwingwirima yachitsanzo chocheperako, ndipo zopindikazo zimakhala zofanana ndi ming'alu. Ngati ndi ming'alu, mitsinje imadulidwa kawiri. Pachitsanzo chapamwamba kwambiri, mosiyana ndi pansi pa ming'alu, mbali ziwirizo zimakhala ndi okosijeni kwambiri ndipo pansi pake ndi yosamveka.
Choyambitsa: Zimayamba chifukwa cha chakudya chochepa kwambiri, kuchepetsa kwambiri kapena kucheperachepera kwa fillet fillet radius panthawi yojambulira ndodo ndi forgings crankshaft. Zowonongeka zopindika zimapangitsa kuti zitsulo zokhala ndi okosijeni zigwirizane pamodzi panthawi yopanga.
8. Kugawa kolakwika kopangira ma streamline
Zinthu zazikuluzikulu: Kuwongolera chipwirikiti monga streamline reflux, eddy current, disconnection, and convection imachitika pamene kupanga ndi mphamvu yochepa.
Chifukwa: Mapangidwe olakwika a kufa, kusankha kolakwika kwa njira yopangira, mawonekedwe osamveka komanso kukula kwa billet.
9. Kapangidwe ka banded
Zofunikira zazikulu: Kapangidwe komwe zomanga zina kapena magawo a ferrite mu forgings amagawidwa m'magulu. Zimapezeka makamaka muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic-ferritic, semi-martensitic chitsulo ndi chitsulo cha eutectoid.
Choyambitsa: Izi zimachitika chifukwa chopanga mapindikidwe pamene magawo awiri amakhalira limodzi. Imachepetsa mlozera wapulasitiki wazinthuzo ndipo imakonda kusweka m'dera la ferrite kapena malire pakati pa magawo awiriwa.

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https://www.sakysteel.com/h13-skd61-1-2344-tool-steel-round-forged-bar.html

Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-13-2024