He aha nā hiʻohiʻona nui a me nā kumu o nā hemahema maʻamau i ka forgings?

1. Nā kaha unahi ʻili
Nā hiʻohiʻona nui: Ka hana pono ʻole o ka makenā kalaiwae hoʻoulu ai i nā ʻili ʻinoʻino a me nā kaha unahi iʻa. Hiki ke hana ma'alahi ia mau kaha unahi i'a i ka hana 'ana i ke kila kila austenitic a me ka martensitic.
Ke kumu: ʻO ka mucous membrane kūloko i kumu ʻia e ka lubrication like ʻole a i ʻole koho lubrication kūpono ʻole a me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka ʻaila lubricating.
2. Nā hemahema hewa
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui: ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka hoʻoheheʻe make ua kuhi hewa ʻia e pili ana i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao kaʻawale.
Ke kumu: ʻAʻohe paʻa kuhi hewa ʻole ma ka make forging, a ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo pono ʻia ka die forging, a i ʻole ka nui o ke āpau ma waena o ke poʻo hāmare a me ke ala alakaʻi.
3. ʻAʻole lawa nā hemahema make forging
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui: Piʻi ka nui o ka die forging ma ke ala e kū pono ana i ka ʻili hoʻokaʻawale. Ke ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka nui i kuhikuhi ʻia ma ke kaha kiʻi, ʻaʻole lawa ka hana hoʻoheheʻe make.
Ke kumu: ʻO ka nui nui, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka ʻaʻahu nui ʻana o ka lua make, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e alakaʻi i ka lawa ʻole a i ʻole ke kūpaʻa nui ʻana o ke alahaka uila, lawa ʻole nā ​​lako lako, a me ka nui billet nui.
4. ʻAʻole lawa ka hoʻopiha kūloko
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui: Loaʻa ia i nā iwi ʻaoʻao, convex make kihi, etc. o ka make forgings, a ʻaʻole i hoʻopiha piha ʻia ka luna o ka ʻāpana hoʻopiha a i ʻole nā ​​kihi o ka forgings, ʻaʻole maopopo i ka outline o nā forgings.
Ke kumu: ʻAʻole kūpono ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka lua make preforming a me ka blanking die cavity, he liʻiliʻi ka tonage lako, ʻaʻole wela ka blank, a ʻilihune ka wai metala, hiki ke kumu i kēia hemahema.
5. Ke koena hale hoolei
Nā hiʻohiʻona nui: Inā loaʻa ke koena o ka hoʻolei ʻana, ʻaʻole kūpono ka elongation a me ka ikaika luhi o nā forgings. No ka mea ma ka ʻāpana hoʻāʻo haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻole maopopo nā kahawai o ka ʻāpana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia o ke koena hoʻolei ʻana, a hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā huahana dendritic, e ʻike nui ʻia i nā forgings me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ingots kila e like me nā blanks.
Ke kumu: Ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka lakene forging a i ʻole ke ʻano hana forging kūpono ʻole. Hoʻemi kēia hemahema i ka hana o nā forgings, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hopena a me nā waiwai luhi.
6. Ka like ole o ka palaoa
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui: ʻO ka palaoa ma kekahi mau wahi o kanā kalaiwaʻoi aku ke koʻikoʻi, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hua ma nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, e hana ana i nā ʻano hua like ʻole. ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wela kiʻekiʻe a me nā kila wela e pili pono ana i ka inhomogeneity o ka palaoa.
Ke kumu: ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hoʻoikaika i ka hana kūloko o ka billet alloy kiʻekiʻe. I ka wā o ka hoʻopau ʻana a me ka hoʻomehana ʻana, ulu nui kekahi mau hua a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela forging mua, a ʻaʻole lawa ka deformation, e hāʻule ana ka deformation deformation o ka wahi i loko o ka deformation koʻikoʻi. Hiki ke alakaʻi maʻalahi ke ʻano like ʻole o nā kīʻaha i ka emi ʻana o ka hana luhi a me ka lōʻihi.
7. Nā hemahema peʻe
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui: Hoʻopiʻi ʻia nā kahawai ma nā ʻāpana o ka mea hoʻonui haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ua like ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana me nā māwae. Inā he māwae, e ʻoki ʻia nā kahawai ʻelua. Ma ka hoʻohālikelike kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole e like me ka lalo o ka māwae, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua a ua blunt ka lalo lalo.
Ke kumu: Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka hānai ʻana, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui ʻana a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o ka anvil fillet radius i ka wā o ke kaha kiʻi ʻana o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke koʻokoʻo a me ka hoʻoheheʻe crankshaft. ʻO nā kīnā ʻole ke kumu e hui pū ai ka metala ʻili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke kaʻina hana forging.
8. ʻAʻole kūpono ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hoʻohele ʻana
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui: Streamline turbulence e like me streamline reflux, eddy current, disconnection, a me ka convection i ka wā e haʻahaʻa ka mana o ka forging.
Ke kumu: ʻO ka hoʻolālā make kūpono ʻole, ke koho kūpono ʻole o ke ʻano forging, ke ʻano kūpono ʻole a me ka nui billet.
9. Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Banded
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui: He hale kahi e puʻunaue ʻia ai nā hale ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​pae ferrite i ka forgings i nā kaula. Loaʻa ia i ka austenitic-ferritic stainless steel, semi-martensitic steel a me eutectoid steel.
Ke kumu: Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia ma muli o ka hoʻopololei ʻana i ka wā e noho pū ai nā ʻāpana ʻelua. Hoʻemi ʻo ia i ka index plasticity transverse o ka mea a hiki i ka pohā ma ka ʻāpana ferrite a i ʻole ka palena ma waena o nā pae ʻelua.